云南省楚雄彝族自治州农村小型水利管理条例
云南省人大常委会
云南省楚雄彝族自治州农村小型水利管理条例
云南省人大常委会
（1994年4月12日云南省楚雄彝族自治州第七届人民代表大会第三次会议通过 1994年7月27日云南省第八届人民代表大会常务委员会第八次会议批准 1994年7月27日公布施行）
目 录
第一章 总 则
第二章 管理机构及其职责
第三章 规划与建设
第四章 保护与管理
第五章 奖励与处罚
第六章 附 则
第一章 总 则
第一条 为加强农村小型水利建设和管理，合理开发利用和保护水资源，防治水害，改善农村生产、生活的水利条件，发展农村经济，根据《中华人民共和国水法》及有关法律法规，结合本州实际，制定本条例。
第二条 本条例所称农村小型水利是指乡、镇及其以下集体、农户单独或联合兴修和管理的小型蓄水、引水、提水、打井、疏通整治河道及用于农业灌溉、防洪抗旱、水土保持、集镇和企业供水、人畜饮水等水利工程设施。
第三条 自治州鼓励和支持按批准的规划修建农村小型水利工程，实行谁建设、谁所有、谁受益的原则，依法保护其合法权益。
集体兴建的农村小型水利设施中的水属于集体所有。农户单独或联合兴建的农村小型水利设施中的水，属农户或合伙人所有。
第四条 农村小型水利工程应当坚持建设与管理并重，注重效益，充分发挥水资源的多种功能。
第五条 农村小型水利建设实行民办公助的原则。各级人民政府要重点扶持边远、贫困地区，扶持资金应列入同级财政预算。
第二章 管理机构及其职责
第六条 农村小型水利实行统一管理与分级管理相结合的制度。
第七条 州、县、市人民政府的水行政主管部门，负责本行政区域内农村小型水利的建设和管理工作。其主要职责是：
（一）宣传贯彻水资源管理的有关法律、法规、规章和政策，进行保护水资源和节约用水的教育；
（二）统一规划和管理本行政区域内水资源的开发利用；
（三）指导和帮助乡、镇抗旱、防洪、蓄水、排涝、抢险等工作；
（四）编制农村小型水利建设及经营管理规划，并组织实施；
（五）依法调处本行政区域内发生的水事纠纷；
（六）推广运用新技术，促进科技兴水；
（七）加强农村小型水利工作队伍建设，逐步改善工作条件；
（八）负责本行政区域内的水政监察工作，依法查处违反水法规的行为；
（九）上级赋予的其它职责。
第八条 乡、镇水利水保工作机构，负责本行政区域内农村小型水利的建设和管理工作，受乡、镇人民政府和县、市水行政主管部门领导。其主要职责是：
（一）宣传贯彻水资源管理的有关法律、法规、规章和政策，进行保护水资源和节约用水的教育；
（二）保护水资源，防止水土流失；
（三）编制上报农村小型水利的年度计划，做好农村水利水保统计工作；
（四）负责农村小型水利建设项目的前期工作，并组织施工、质量监督、安全保障、竣工验收和劳动积累工的安排使用；
（五）落实本辖区内的农村小型水利工程的管理承包责任制，并进行检查、考核和奖惩；
（六）组织群众进行抗旱、防洪、蓄水、排涝、抢险；
（七）协调水利物资的供应和管理工作；
（八）利用当地水利工程设施和管护范围内水土资源，积极开展种植业、养殖业、加工修理等综合经营和水费收缴管理工作；
（九）及时制止破坏农村小型水利设施和违反水法规行为，调解水事纠纷；
（十）上级赋予的其它职责。
第九条 村公所、办事处、农业合作社负责管理范围内的农村小型水利建设管理工作，其主要职责是：
（一）认真执行水资源管理的有关法律、法规、规章和政策，进行保护水资源和节约用水的教育；
（二）保护水资源，防止水土流失；
（三）落实本地小型水利建设发展计划，组织新建工程的实施；
（四）落实水利建设的劳动积累工；
（五）组织群众进行抗旱、防洪、蓄水、排涝、抢险、清淤除障等工作；
（六）落实水利设施的管理责任制；
（七）调解水事纠纷；
（八）上级布置的其它有关工作。
第三章 规划和建设
第十条 农村小型水利建设应当遵循全面规划，统筹兼顾，山、水、田、林、路、电、村综合治理的原则。
第十一条 农村小型水利建设规划的审批程序：
（一）乡、镇的规划报县、市人民政府水行政主管部门审批；
（二）村公所、办事处的规划经乡、镇水利水保工作机构审查后，报乡、镇人民政府审批；
（三）农业合作社的规划由村公所、办事处审查后，报乡、镇人民政府审批；
（四）跨地区的规划由有关各方的共同上一级进行编制，并按有关规定报批。
经批准的规划是农村小型水利建设的基本依据，修改规划须经原批准机关批准。
第十二条 农村小型水利工程建设项目的审批程序：
（一）小（一）型工程由县、市人民政府水行政主管部门审查后，报州人民政府水行政主管部门审批；
（二）小（二）型工程由乡、镇人民政府审查后，报县、市人民政府水行政主管部门审批；
（三）小（二）型以下的水利工程由乡、镇水利水保工作机构审查后，报乡、镇人民政府审批；
（四）农户自建的塘、池、窖、井、沟、渠、闸、泵站工程，由农业合作社报村公所、办事处审批；
（五）在河道上修建永久性拦水工程，由乡、镇报县、市以上水行政主管部门审批。
第十三条 农村小型水利工程建设占用的土地，按土地管理法规办理用地手续。
第十四条 农村小型水利工程的勘测设计，由具有相应资格的勘测设计单位承担。
勘测设计单位对工程规模、工程量、经费、效益、物资材料、劳动工日、渡汛措施、施工组织、管理设施等进行论证，提出勘测设计报告。
第十五条 农村小型水利建设，坚持自愿、互利、量力而行、谁受益谁出资投劳和多受益多负担的原则。
第十六条 农村小型水利建设应当建立完善的劳动积累工和义务工制度，每年的投工数量由乡、镇人民政府提出用工计划，经乡、镇人民代表大会审议通过后执行。
第十七条 在坚持自愿互利的原则下，提倡村、社团结治水，换工集资修建农村小型水利工程。
第十八条 农村小型水利建设，凡是涉及毗邻地区和他人权益的，应当事先与对方协商，双方应本着互助互利的原则签定协议，报上级有关部门备案或批准。
第十九条 农村小型水利工程建设应当按设计组织施工，保证质量和安全。
工程技术人员应当现场指导检查，发现问题及时处理。工程竣工后，审批单位要组织有关单位和工程技术人员验收。对不合格的工程部位，要采取补救措施或返工，并做好记录和工程验收报告与设计资料一并归档备查。
第二十条 建设农村小型水利工程需要移民搬迁的，应当按有关规定妥善安排搬迁户的生产生活。
第四章 保护与管理
第二十一条 各级人民政府应当加强水资源保护，防治水土流失和水源污染，保护和改善水质。
实行计划用水、节约用水、有偿供水。
第二十二条 乡、镇人民政府及村公所、办事处、农业合作社，应当对管理范围内的水源涵养地和水源林及其管辖的水利工程划定保护范围，涉及毗邻地区的，在上一级领导下协商划定。
禁止在保护范围内进行开垦、伐木、打井、爆破、取土、取沙、采石、兴修建筑物等破坏植被或有损工程安全的活动。
造成水资源枯竭，影响水工程效益的当事人，应当采取补救措施或者赔偿损失。
第二十三条 因农村小型水利建设取土、采石、修路造成施工现场土壤植被破坏的，建设单位应当做好复垦、植树、种草等恢复植被工作。
第二十四条 农村小型水利设施不得任意占用，确实需要占用的，应当给予补偿。补偿费应当专款专用。
第二十五条 农村小型水利工程建成后，应按工程大小、受益面积、管理难易配备专职或兼职人员进行管理。
小（二）型以上的水利工程或相当的涵、闸、渠、泵站等工程应当设立管理单位。
管理单位应当按规定对水位、水量、出流、降雨及沉陷位移等项目进行观测，做好记录，年终整理归档。
第二十六条 跨地区兴建的农村小型水利工程，可由受益各方共同组成管理机构进行管理，也可经各方协商签订合同，由主要受益方进行管理。
第二十七条 农村小型水利工程的日常维修由管理人员负责，岁修和整修工作由受益区组织实施。农户自建自管的工程应搞好维修养护。
第二十八条 由集体兴建和管理的农村小型水利工程，应当按受益面积征收水费，或者计量供水，按方量收费。水费标准可以按供水成本核定计收。
收取的水费主要用于支付管理人员报酬和工程维修，结余部分作为水利建设基金专户存储。
农户单独或联合兴建的农村小型水利工程向他方供水的，水费由双方商定。
第二十九条 农村小型水利工程设立管理单位或专兼职管理人员的，工程所有者应当与管理单位或管理人员签订管理承包合同。对工程维修养护、水量、效益、综合经营、工程安全、奖惩办法等事项作出明确规定。
第三十条 农村小型水利工程的管理单位和管理人员，应当利用工程管护范围内的水土资源开展综合经营。
第三十一条 农村小型水利工程管理单位应当在开闸放水前召开受益单位或户长代表会，报告工程管理、水费收支等情况，明确放水时间、水量分配、工程整修等事项。
第三十二条 发生水事纠纷时，当事人应当本着互助互利的原则及时协商解决，协商不成的由上一级调解处理；也可以依法向人民法院起诉。在纠纷未解决前，不得擅自改变水的现状。
第三十三条 农村小型水利工程设施应做好经常性的安全检查、管护工作，防洪抗灾的物资储备、应急队伍等工作，依照《中华人民共和国水法》及有关法律规定执行。
第五章 奖励与处罚
第三十四条 在农村小型水利建设和管理工作中有下列情形之一的，由乡、镇人民政府给予表彰奖励，成绩特别突出的可报请上级水行政主管部门或人民政府给予表彰奖励：
（一）保护水资源，造林绿化，防止水土流失成绩显著的；
（二）水利工程规划、勘测设计工作中成绩显著的；
（三）组织安全施工成绩突出的；
（四）投劳投资成绩显著的；
（五）建立健全财务制度，管好用好资金成绩突出的；
（六）做好工程维修养护，保持工程完好，发挥工程效益，成绩显著的；
（七）保证工程安全渡汛或在抗灾抢险工作中有突出成绩的；
（八）勇于同破坏、盗窃水利工程设施的行为作斗争，表现突出的。
第三十五条 州、县、市、乡、镇人民政府可以根据当年水利资金的投入数额，提取千分之一作为奖励基金，用于对其管辖范围内的先进单位和个人的奖励。
第三十六条 水行政主管部门及水工程管理单位的工作人员玩忽职守，滥用职权，徇私舞弊，贪污挪用水利经费，侵占抢险、救灾、防汛物资的，根据情节轻重，分别给予不同的行政处分；构成犯罪的，由司法机关依法追究刑事责任。
第三十七条 违反本条例规定，有下列行为之一情节轻微的，由乡、镇、村、社或者主管部门责令其停止违法行为；情节较严重的由县市人民政府水行政主管部门或者有关主管部门责令其停止违法行为，赔偿损失，可以并处20元以上3000元以下罚款；应当给予治安管理处罚的，
由公安机关依照《治安管理处罚条例》的规定处罚；构成犯罪的，由司法机关依法追究刑事责任：
（一）扰乱水工程管理单位正常工作秩序，致使保护管理工作不能正常进行的；
（二）在水源涵养地、水源林和水工程保护范围内开垦、伐木、采石、取土、取沙、爆破、打井、兴修建筑物及其它破坏植被危害水工程安全的；
（三）在水事纠纷及其处理过程中煽动闹事、结伙斗殴，非法限制他人人身自由的；
（四）拒绝、阻碍水行政主管部门或者有关部门依法执行公务的；
（五）损坏水利工程设施的；
（六）盗窃或者抢夺防汛物资、水利工程设施器材的；
（七）违反本条例第二十二条第二款之规定，拒不补偿的；
（八）违反本条例第二十二条第三款之规定，拒不采取补救措施或者赔偿损失的。
第三十八条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的，可以在接到处罚决定之日起十五日内向作出处罚决定机关的上一级行政机关申请复议，对复议决定不服的，可以在接到复议决定之日起十五日内，向人民法院起诉。当事人也可以在接到处罚决定之日起十五日内直接向人民法院起诉。当事人
逾期不申请复议或者不向人民法院起诉又不履行处罚决定的，由作出决定的机关申请人民法院强制执行。
第六章 附 则
第三十九条 本条例的具体应用由楚雄彝族自治州人民政府负责解释。
第四十条 本条例报云南省人民代表大会常务委员会批准后公布施行。
1994年7月27日
The Similar And Different Regulations
On Industrial Designs
Between China And Canada
He Zijing
Abstract:
With China entering WTO, more and more Chinese industrial designers want to apply internationally to register their designs outside China. This paper shows you the detailed comparison about regulations concerning industrial designs between China and Canada, gives some suggestions about the process to register internationally to protect Chinese applier. Some hints imposed on the difference between the two countries will help to improve our patent law.
KEYWORDS:
Industrial design, China, Canada
1. General introduction on industrial designs
1.1 What is an industrial design?
1.1.1 Of WIPO
An industrial design is the ornamental of aesthetic aspect of an article. The design may consist of three-dimensional features, such as the shape or surface of an article, or of two-dimensional features, such as patterns, lines or color. Industrial designs are applied to a wide variety of products of industry and handicraft. To be protected under most national laws, an industrial design must appeal to the eye. This means that an industrial design is primarily of an aesthetic nature, and does not protect any technical features of the article to which it is applied.
1.1.2 Of CHINA
Design in the Patent Law means any new design of the shape, the pattern or their combination, or the combination of the color with shape or pattern, of a product with creates an aesthetic feeling and it fits for industrial application.
1.1.3 Of CANADA
Design of industrial design means features of shape, configuration, pattern or ornament and any combination of those features that, in a finished article, appeal to and are judged solely by the eye.
1.2 Other forms of Intellectual Property
In China, Intellectual property can be generally classified as patent, copyright, trademark. Patents, or in other words, inventions-creations, mean inventions, utility models and designs. So that the designs are one of the subdivisions of patents.
Whereas, in Canada, in addition to industrial designs, there other forms of intellectual property, as patents, copyrights, and integrated circuit topographies. Hereby, patents cover new inventions (process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter), or any new and useful improvement of an existing invention. So that industrial designs have the equal statues to patents, as one of the subdivisions of intellectual property.
1.3 Why protect industrial designs?
Industrial designs are what make an article attractive and appealing; hence, they add to the commercial value of a product and increase its marketability.
When an industrial design is protected, the owner-the person or entity that has registered the design-is assured an exclusive right against unauthorized copying or imitation of the design by third parties. This helps to ensure a fair return on investment. An effective system of protection also benefits consumers and the public at large, by promoting fair competition and honest trade practices, encouraging creativity, and promoting more aesthetically attractive product.
Protecting industrial designs helps economic development, by encouraging creativity in the industrial and manufacturing sectors, as well as in the traditional arts and crafts. They contribute to the expansion of commercial activities and the export of national products.
Industrial designs can be relatively simple and inexpensive to develop and protect. They are reasonably accessible to small and medium-sized enterprises as well as to individual artists and craftsmen, in both industrialized and developing countries.
1.4 How can industrial designs be protected?
In most countries, an industrial design must be registered in order to be protected under Industrial Design Law. As for China, the regulations on design are under the Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and its implementing regulations; As for Canada, The Industrial Design Act and Industrial Design Regulations details the regulations that govern design rights. As a general rule, to be registerable, the design must be “new” or “original”. Different countries have varying definitions of such terms, as well as variations in the registration process itself. Generally, “new” means that no identical or very similar design is known to have existed before.
Depending on the particular national law and the kind of design, an industrial design may also be protected as a work of art under copyright.
2.The main difference concerning registration
2.1 When to file an application
There is no time limit for filing an application as long as the design had never been published. The term “published” means that the design has been made public (even to your neighbors) or offered for commercial sale or use anywhere in the world. It is best to file an quickly as possible if publication has occurred.
In china, an design application does not lose its novelty where, within six months before the date of filing, one of the following events occurred: [1] where it was first exhibited at an international exhibition sponsored of recognized by the Chinese Government;[2]where it was first made public at a prescribed academic or technological meeting;[3]when it was disclosed by any person without the consent of the applicant.
In Canada, the design shall be refused to be registered if the application is filed more than one year after the publication of the design in Canada of somewhere.
2.2 who can apply?
Only the proprietor of a design may apply for and obtain registration for an industrial design both in China and Canada, while there exists little difference between the two countries on the question that who can be defined as proprietor.[1] usually you are considered the proprietor if you have created the design;[2] if you work together with other person to creat a design, you should file for registration as joint proprietors ( unless you are all working under contract or commission );[3] if you have acquired ownership of a design, then you may apply;[4] if you are employee of a company and develop design as part of your employment, then the employer may be the proprietor. In that case, only the employer may apply in Canada; while in china, the entity and the inventor or creator may enter into a contract in which the right to apply for and own the exclusive right is provided for;[5] if you have been hired under contract to develop design for someone else, then that person is the proprietor and is the only one entitled to apply for registration in Canada; whereas in that case in China, the right to apply for registration belongs, unless otherwise agreed upon, to the entity or individual that made the design.
2.3 What requirements to make designs registerable?
In Canada, the minister shall register the design if the minister finds that it is not identical with or dose not so closely resemble any other design already registered as to be confounded therewith, and shall return to the proprietor thereof the drawing or photograph and description with the certificate required.
In China, any design for which patent fight may be granted must not be identical with and similar to any design which, before the date of falling has been publicly disclosed in publications in the country or abroad or has been publicly used in the country, and must not be in conflict with any prior right of any other person.
2.4 What you cannot register?
In Canada, you cannot register the following under the Industrial Design Act: [1] Designs that are utilitarian only and which are not intended to provide visual appeal; [2] Designs that have no fixed appearance; [3] Designs for components that are not clearly visible; [4] a method of construction; [5] an idea; [6] materials used in the construction of an article; [7] the useful function of the article; or [8] color.
In China, for any of the following, no patent right shall be granted: [1] scientific discoveries;[2] rules and methods for mental activities;[3] methods for diagnoses or for the treatment for the diseases;[4] animal and plant varieties;[5] substances obtained by means of nuclear transformation.
From the above regulations, we can see that the Chinese regulations is more generic for all of the three types of creation-inventions; and the Canadian’s is more special in detail on designs. So we should absorb some of them in our implementing regulations of patent law.
2.5 searching of office record prior to filing an application
Prior to filing an application, you may wish to conduct a search of office records in order to better determine whether your design is truly new and original. This will give you the opportunity to see other registered designs. You should also keep your design confidential.
2.6 How long the process takes?
In Canada, the Office dose not register any design until six months after the date of filing. Normally it takes between eight and twelve months to have your application examined. While in china, there is no such kind of provisions concerning the term of process of designs.
2.7 Duration of protection
Both in the two countries, duration of protection of industrial designs is for ten-year term, while the beginning date is quite different. In Canada, it is the date of registration-usually six months after the date of filing; in china, it is the date of filing. Once the ten-year term has expired, anyone is free to make, import, rent or sell etc., the designs.
2.8 Extension of protection
In Canada, your application must include a description which identifies the features that constitute the design since the court may use your description to help determine the limits of protection for your design, you should word your description with care and precision. If your description is too broad, you may over-extend the scope of the design, and it may be impossible to enforce. If it is too narrow, you may limit the scope of the design or leave out features that you intended to protect.
